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End date: 2049 × Subject: Public health ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 23
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    Assessment of needs and gaps in public health cadre in India - a situational analysis
    (BMC Health Services Research, 2023) Manish Priyadarshi; Sidharth Sekhar Mishra; Abha Singh; Aanchal Singhal; Moammar Hashmi; Sutapa B. Neogi
    The objective of this study was to conduct a situational analysis of the public health cadre in select states in India to gain an in-depth understanding of the progress and explore the gaps and challenges in its implementation.
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    Why G20 India could be a game-changer for midwives and nurse's leadership in global health
    (The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia, 2024) Kaveri Mayra; Deepika Saluja; Shubha Nagesh
    The upcoming G20 meeting in India presents a unique opportunity for the country to further cement its global health leadership record and pave the way internationally to advance the gender equality agenda.
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    Accreditation as a path to achieving universal quality health coverage
    (Global. Health, 2014) Kedar S. Mate; Anne L. Rooney; Anuwat Supachutikul; Girdhar Gyani
    As many low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) pursue health care reforms in order to achieve universal health coverage (UHC), development of national accreditation systems has become an increasingly common quality-enhancing strategy endorsed by payers, including Ministries of Health. This article describes the major considerations for health system leaders in developing and implementing a sustainable and successful national accreditation program, using the 20-year evolution of the Thai health care accreditation system as a model. The authors illustrate the interface between accreditation as a continuous quality improvement strategy, health insurance and other health financing schemes, and the overall goal of achieving universal health coverage.
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    Future health expenditure in the BRICS countries: a forecasting analysis for 2035
    (Journal of Global Health, 2023) Pragyan Monalisa Sahoo; Himanshu Sekhar Rout; Mihajlo Jakovljevic
    This study examined the health expenditure trend among the BRICS from 2000 to 2019 and made predictions with an emphasis on public, pre-paid, and out-of-pocket expenditures for 2035.
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    Acceptability and feasibility of using non-specialist health workers to deliver mental health care: Stakeholder perceptions from the PRIME district sites in Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa, and Uganda
    (Soc. Sci. Med., 2014) Emily Mendenhall; Mary J. De Silva; Charlotte Hanlon; Inge Petersen; Rahul Shidhaye; Mark Jordans; Nagendra Luitel; Joshua Ssebunnya; Abebaw Fekadu; Vikram Patel; Mark Tomlinson
    Three-quarters of the global mental health burden exists in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet the lack of mental health services in resource-poor settings is striking. Task-sharing (also, task-shifting), where mental health care is provided by non-specialists, has been proposed to improve access to mental health care in LMICs. This multi-site qualitative study investigates the acceptability and feasibility of task-sharing mental health care in LMICs by examining perceptions of primary care service providers (physicians, nurses, and community health workers), community members, and service users in one district in each of the five countries participating in the PRogramme for Improving Mental health carE (PRIME): Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa, and Uganda. Thirty-six focus group discussions and 164 in-depth interviews were conducted at the pre-implementation stage between February and October 2012 with the objective of developing district level plans to integrate mental health care into primary care. Perceptions of the acceptability and feasibility of task-sharing were evaluated first at the district level in each country through open-coding and then at the cross-country level through a secondary analysis of emergent themes. We found that task-sharing mental health services is perceived to be acceptable and feasible in these LMICs as long as key conditions are met: 1) increased numbers of human resources and better access to medications; 2) ongoing structured supportive supervision at the community and primary care-levels; and 3) adequate training and compensation for health workers involved in task-sharing. Taking into account the socio-cultural context is fundamental for identifying local personnel who can assist in detection of mental illness and facilitate treatment and care as well as training, supervision, and service delivery. By recognizing the systemic challenges and sociocultural nuances that may influence task-sharing mental health care, locally-situated interventions could be more easily planned to provide appropriate and acceptable mental health care in LMICs. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    Evaluation of a manual-based training program in changing auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs) knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to maternal mental health
    (Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 2023) Vijayalakshmi Poreddi; Sailaxmi Gandhi; Ramachandra; Sundarnag Ganjekar; Geetha Desai; Prabha S.Chandra
    This study evaluates the effectiveness of a manual-based training program in improving auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs) knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to maternal mental health.
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    Air pollution status and attributable health effects across the state of West Bengal, India, during 2016-2021
    (Environ. Monit. Assess., 2024) Buddhadev Ghosh; Harish Chandra Barman; Sayoni Ghosh; Md Maimun Habib; Jayashree Mahato; Lovely Dayal; Susmita Mahato; Priti Sao; Atul Chandra Murmu; Ayontika Deb Chowdhury; Sourina Pramanik
    Air pollution is one of the most significant threats to human safety due to its detrimental health consequences worldwide. This study examines the air pollution levels in 22 districts of West Bengal from 2016 to 2021, using data from 81 stations operated by the West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB). The study assesses the short- and long-term impacts of particulate matter (PM) on human health. The highest annual variation of PM10 was noted in 2016 (106.99 +/- 34.17 mu g/m3), and the lowest was reported in 2020 (88.02 +/- 13.61 mu g/m3), whereas the highest annual variations of NO2 (mu g/m3) were found in 2016 (35.17 +/- 13.55 mu g/m3), and lowest in 2019 (29.72 +/- 13.08 mu g/m3). Similarly, the SO2 level was lower (5.35 mu g/m3) in 2017 and higher in 2020 (7.78 mu g/m3). In the state, Bardhaman, Bankura, Kolkata, and Howrah recorded the highest PM10 concentrations. The monthly and seasonal variations of pollution showed higher in December, January, and February (winter season) and lowest observed in June, July, and August (rainy season). The southern part of West Bengal state has recorded higher pollution levels than the northern part. The short- and long-term health impact assessment due to particulate matter shows that the estimated number of attributable cases (ENACs) for incidence of chronic bronchitis in adults and prevalence of bronchitis in children were 305,234 and 14,652 respectively. The long-term impact of PM2.5 on human health ENACs for mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for adults, acute lower respiratory infections in children aged 0-5, lung cancer, and stroke for adults were 21,303, 12,477, 25,064, 94,406, and 86,272 respectively. This outcome assists decision-makers and stakeholders in effectively addressing the air pollution and health risk concerns within the specified area.
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    Health status of Koraga community: A pilot study among a particularly vulnerable tribal group of Udupi District, Karnataka, India
    (Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2022) Sneha Deepak Mallya; Shyamsundar Shreedhar; Deepak Sudhakaran; Aravindhkumar B; Suma Nair; Shetty; Ranjitha S
    Background & objectives: Undertaking tribe-specific assessment of health status provides the required data for planning appropriate interventions. Malnutrition was prevalent among Koraga adults and children, which warrants designing and implementing appropriate social and health interventions in this population.
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    Integrating rare disease management in public health programs in India: exploring the potential of National Health Mission
    (Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 2022) Mohua Chakraborty Choudhury; Pragya Chaube
    Rare diseases (RD) are conditions that affect a small number of people and hence do not get the focus on government health priorities in a resource-constrained setting such as India. The National Health Mission (NHM) is one of the crucial programs initiated by the government of India to address the health needs of the under-served. NHM programs can provide a unique epidemiological data repository to strengthen the National Rare Disease Registry. These programs can also play important role in providing a continuum of care for many RDs that need lifelong management. However, existing programs have a limited scope to provide specialized RD-related treatments, which is better served in a more focused system. Thus, considering RDs in the design of the existing programs may help RD management better through prevention, data collection, and providing a continuum of care.
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    A decision support framework for optimal vaccine distribution across a multi-tier cold chain network
    (Comput. Ind. Eng., 2023) Shanmukhi Sripada; Ayush Jain; Prasanna Ramamoorthy; Varun Ramamohan
    In this paper, we present a decision support framework for optimizing multiple aspects of vaccine distribution across a multi-tier cold chain network. We propose two multi-period optimization formulations within this framework: first to minimize inventory, ordering, transportation, personnel and shortage costs associated with a single vaccine; the second for the case when multiple vaccines with differing efficacies and costs are available for the same disease. We use the case of the Indian state of Bihar and COVID-19 vaccines to illustrate the implementation of the framework. We present computational experiments including what-if scenario and sensitivity analyses to demonstrate: (a) the organization of the model outputs; (b) how the models can be used to assess the impact of cold chain point storage capacities, transportation vehicle capacities, and manufacturer capacities on the optimal vaccine distribution pattern; and (c) the impact of vaccine efficacies and associated costs such as ordering and transportation costs on the vaccine selection decision informed by the model. We then demonstrate how robust optimization versions of the single vaccine model, with box and budgeted uncertainty sets, outperform the deterministic version under multiple levels of uncertainty in key model parameters. Finally, we also consider the computational expense of the framework for realistic problem instances, and suggest multiple preprocessing techniques to reduce computational runtimes. Our study presents public health authorities and other stakeholders with a vaccine distribution and capacity planning tool for multi-tier cold chain networks.