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Item Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) and Her Role in District Mental Health Program: Learnings from the COVID 19 Pandemic(Community Ment. Health J., 2021) Patley Rahul; K. Rakesh Chander; Manisha Murugesan; Adarsha Alur Anjappa; Rajani Parthasarathy; Narayana Manjunatha; Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar; Suresh Bada MathCOVID 19 pandemic has posed challenges for public mental healthcare delivery, particularly in LAMI countries such as India. However, this unique situation has also brought in opportunities to revisit the health system and optimally utilize the available resources. In this brief report, we report one such new initiative in which existing community health workers (CHWs), known as ASHAs (Accredited Social Health Activist) acted as a bridge between patients with mental illness and the District Mental Health Program (DMHP) of Ramanagara district of Karnataka State, India. They maintained continuity of care of 76 patients by delivering mental healthcare services to the patients' doorstep. This has paved the way to rethink and revisit their role in public mental healthcare delivery not only during COVID 19 times, but also beyond.Item A performance evaluation framework of public health distribution network for essential medicines: lessons from the select Indian states(Int. Trans. Oper. Res., 2023) Rahul Kumar; Debadyuti DasThe present work has been carried out to develop a performance evaluation framework of distribution network design in public health with specific reference to essential medicines based on six different types of public health distribution networks (PHDNs) prevalent across six Indian states. We evaluated the performance of PHDNs on the criteria of cost and service and also on the sub-criteria of cost and service by following the analytic hierarchy process. We utilized the pairwise comparison method in determining the relative importance of criteria and sub-criteria by seeking responses from several experts and subsequently evaluated the PHDNs on all sub-criteria in a 7-point Likert scale by seeking views from the same experts. Finally, we developed the cost-service matrix, in which cost and service have been depicted in the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively. We demonstrated the performance of six PHDNs in this matrix in terms of cost and service by plotting scores obtained by them on cost and service, respectively. The findings of the study provide rich insights to the policy planners of public health.Item How useful do communities find the health and wellness centres? A qualitative assessment of India’s new policy for primary health care(BMC Primary Care volume 25, Article number: 91 (2024), 2024) Shriyuta Abhishek; Samir Garg; Vikash Ranjan KeshriStarting in 2018, Indian government has established more than 100,000 Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) to increase rural population’s access to primary health care. It is crucial to know how useful people find the services of HWCs.Item Size, composition and distribution of health workforce in India: why, and where to invest?(Human Resources for Health, 2021) Anup Karan; Himanshu Negandhi; Suhaib Hussain; Tomas Zapata; Dilip Mairembam; Hilde De Graeve; James Buchan; Sanjay ZodpeyInvestment in human resources for health not only strengthens the health system, but also generates employment and contributes to economic growth. India can gain from enhanced investment in health workforce in multiple ways. This study in addition to presenting updated estimates on size and composition of health workforce, identifies areas of investment in health workforce in India. The paper using two sources of data: (i) National Health Workforce Account (NHWA) 2018 and (ii) Periodic Labour Force Survey 2017�18 of the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) collated comparable estimates of different categories of health workers in India, density of health workforce and skill-mix at the all India and state levels.Item Air pollution trade-offs in developing countries: an empirical model of health effects in Goa, India(Environ. Dev. Econ., 2022) Sanghamitra Das; Vikram Dayal; Anand Murugesan; Uma RajarathnamDeveloping countries experience both household air pollution resulting from the use of biomass fuels for cooking and industrial air pollution. We conceptualise and estimate simultaneous exposure to both outdoor and household air pollution by adapting the Total Exposure Assessment model from environmental health sciences. To study the relationship between total exposure and health, we collected comprehensive data from a region (Goa) in India that had extensive mining activity. Our data allowed us to apportion individuals' exposure to pollution in micro-environments: indoor, outdoor, kitchen, and at work. We find that higher cumulative exposure to air pollution is positively associated with both self-reported and clinically- diagnosed respiratory health issues. Households in regions with higher economic (mining) activity had higher incomes and had switched to cleaner cooking fuels. In other words, household air pollution due to higher biomass use had been substituted away for outdoor air pollution in regions with economic activity.Item Hospitalization & health expenditure in Odisha: Evidence from National Sample Survey (1995-2014)(Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2022) Jayakant Singh; Kalosona Paul; Jalandhar PradhanThis study investigated hospitalization and patient health expenditure in Odisha State over two time periods (1995 and 2014) using the national sample survey data.