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Item Addressing barriers to mental healthcare access for adolescents living in slums: A qualitative multi-stakeholder study in Odisha, India(Child. Youth Serv. Rev., 2023) Pallavi Behera; Jayashree Parida; Narendra Kakade; Sanghamitra Pati; Subhendu Kumar AcharyaBackground: The burden of mental health problems is a leading issue in India, particularly among adolescents. According to the National Mental Health survey, 2016, the prevalence of mental health problems among the age group of 13-17 years is 7.3 % and the case is the same for both genders. It has also been stated that the prevalence rate is higher among urban adolescents compared to rural ones. Adolescent mental healthcare is a neglected area in Indian society as a result it influences mental healthcare access in India. The present study, therefore, aims to provide an amalgamated overview of the adolescent mental healthcare policies and programs in India and also to find out the challenges and barriers faced by the stakeholders with respect to delivery and access to adolescent mental healthcare.Methods: To identify the challenges in the implementation of the policies, the thematic framework analysis was used to address the issues pertaining to the delivery and access to mental healthcare. The study involved the stakeholders including healthcare providers (n = 8): non-governmental organizations (NGOs), government stakeholders and adolescents (beneficiaries or service users) (n = 25) and their parents (n = 6).Results: The results indicated that there was a gap with respect to awareness and knowledge about mental health and healthcare-related access and delivery among the selected stakeholders. Stigmatization and social distance behaviors were the major prevailing factors among the adolescent participants which influenced their careseeking behavior and decision-making approach. From program and policy point of view, the key challenges affecting the successful implementation of mental health policies and programs were the lack of collaboration among the stakeholders, funding and logical constraints, scarcity of staff at the facility level, and lack of skills and knowledge among the staff.Conclusion: An integrated and multisectoral approach in adolescent mental healthcare policies and programmes is the need of the time to address the key challenges to mental healthcare access and delivery. Focused intervention is required to reduce the stigma and social distance behaviour among adolescent beneficiaries.Item Alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from marine transport and promote UN sustainable development goals(Fuel, 2023) Zahidul Islam Rony; M. Mofijur; M. M. Hasan; M. G. Rasul; M. I. Jahirul; Shams Forruque Ahmed; M. A. Kalam; C. F. Irfan Anjum Badruddin; T. M. Yunus Khan; Pau-Loke ShowThe International Maritime Organization (IMO) has placed stricter controls on several aspects of global maritime transport operations to protect the environment. In light of this, the goal of this study is to examine and assess the different prospective paths and technologies that will assist the shipping industry in decarbonizing its operations. We consider how the utilisation of various alternative energy sources reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from marine transportation and contributes to the promotion of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs). The complexities associated with maritime industry operations using alternative energy sources are also explored. Biofuel as an alternative energy source, including biomethanol and biodiesel, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the shipping industry by 25% to 100%. However, the current supply of biofuels can only meet about 15% of the total demand which is not sufficient to sustainably power the entire marine fleet. There are several issues associated with these biofuels, including oxidation, ecological consequences, feedstock availability, technical and operational constraints, and economic factors that must be addressed before their full potential may be achieved.Item An innovative approach for determination of air quality health index(Sci. Total Environ., 2015) Amit Kumar Gorai; Kanchan; Abhishek Upadhyay; Francis Tuluri; Pramila Goyal; Paul B. TchounwouFuzzy-analytical hierarchical process (F-AHP) can be extended to determine fuzzy air quality health index (FAQHI) for deducing health risk associatedwith local air pollution levels, and subjective parameters. The present work aims at determining FAQHI by considering five air pollutant parameters (SO2, NO2, O-3, CO, and PM10) and three subjective parameters (population sensitivity, population density and location sensitivity). Each of the individual pollutants has varying impacts. Hence the combined health effects associated with the pollutants were estimated by aggregating the pollutants with different weights. Global weights for each evaluation alternatives were determined using fuzzy-AHP method. The developed model was applied to determine FAQHI in Howrah City, India from daily-observed concentrations of air pollutants over the three-year period between 2009 and 2011. The FAQHI values obtained through this method in Howrah City range from 1 to 3. Since the permissible value of FAQHI (as calculated for NAAQS) for residential areas is 1.78, higher index values are of public health concern to the exposed individuals. During the period of study, the observed FAQHI values were found to be higher than 1.78 in most of the day in the months of January to March, and October to December. However, the index values were below the recommended limit during rest of the months. In conclusion, FAQHI in Howrah city was above permissible limit in winter months and within acceptable values in summer and rainy months. Diurnal variations of FAQHI showed a similar trend during the three-year period of assessment. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.